Farmers across the United States are planting perennial grains as a way to cope with extreme weather that damages annual crops. The Los Angeles Times reports that growers hit by drought, floods and unpredictable seasons see perennial grains as one practical solution because the plants survive year after year and develop deep root systems.

Unlike annual wheat or corn, which farmers must replant every season, perennial grains such as Kernza keep growing after harvest. Their roots can extend several feet into the soil, helping the plants reach water during dry periods and holding soil in place during heavy rains.

The report highlights Kernza, a perennial grain developed from intermediate wheatgrass by researchers at The Land Institute in Kansas. Some farmers have already planted it on small commercial fields and sell the grain to food companies and bakeries that market Kernza-based products.

Researchers quoted in the article say perennial grains could reduce erosion, improve soil health and cut the need for replanting, fuel and some inputs. But they also note challenges: yields are still lower than annual grains, seed supply is limited and food markets for the crops remain small.

The Los Angeles Times describes farmers who combine perennial grains with other practices, such as cover crops and reduced tillage, to build fields that can better withstand weather extremes. Scientists continue breeding work to raise yields and make perennial grains more competitive with conventional crops.

The article suggests that perennial grains will not replace annual crops soon, but they offer farmers one more tool as weather patterns become harder to predict.